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The Open Web Interface for .NET (OWIN) is a standard that defines an interface between .NET servers and web applications. Katana is an implementation of OWIN by the .Net foundation. Kestrel is a lightweight cross-platform web server that supports .NET Core and runs on multiple platforms such as Linux, macOS, and Windows.

A blockchain is a fully-distributed, peer-to-peer software network which makes use of cryptography to securely host applications, store data, and easily transfer digital instruments of value. Originally proposed by Satoshi Nakamoto in 2008 as the back-end for the Bitcoin cryptocurrency.( Nakamoto, 2008 ), Blockchain is now distinct from Bitcoin as a platform and stands on its own right seperated from the cryptocurrency implemenations from where it was born. Satoshi Nakamoto married his distributed consesus protocol to Adam Backs Hashcash algorithm which pioneered the use of mining to send transaction creating a simple database that is decentralized and stored in the nodes of its network. ...

There are two types of tokens in OAuth 2.0, the access token, and the refresh token. Access token The access token represents the authorization of a specific application to access specific parts of a user’s data. Access tokens must be kept confidential in transit and in storage. The only parties that should ever see the access token are the application itself, the authorization server, and resource server. The access token can only be used over an https connection, since passing it over a non-encrypted channel would make it trivial for third parties to intercept. ...

Consensus is one of the most important and fundamental problems in distributed computing. Simply put, the goal of consensus is to get several nodes to agree on something. It is a distributed computing concept that is used to provide a means of agreeing to a single version of truth by all peers on the distributed network.

A Merkle tree, named for its inventor, Ralph Merkle, is also known as a “hash tree". It’s a data structure represented as a binary tree, and it’s useful because it summarizes in short form the data in a larger data set. In a hash tree, the leaves are the data blocks (typically files on a filesystem) to be summarized. Every parent node in the tree is a hash of its direct child node, which tightly compacts the summary. ...

Cross-Origin Resource Sharing or CORS is a mechanism that enables a web browser to perform cross-domain requests. Cross-domain requests are HTTP requests for resources hosted on a different domain than the domain of the resource making the request.

Hexagonal architecture aims to decouple business logic from other parts of the component, especially the persistence, eventing and services layers. A component, built on the ports and adapters pattern, exposes a set of ports to which one or more adapters can be added as necessary.

The concept of public-key cryptography was invented by Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman, and independently by Ralph Merkle.Their contribution to cryptography was the notion that keys could come in pairs—an encryption key and a decryption key—and that it could be infeasible to generate one key from the other. Diffie and Hellman first presented this concept at the 1976 National Computer Conference ; a few months later, their seminal paper “ New Directions in Cryptography ” was published. ...