Architecture

ZTA operates on a fundamental principle - never trust, always verify. Lets understand what it is and how to implement it

The twelve-factor app principles are a collection of best practices for building microservices-based cloud-native applications. These applications are modular, scalable, and agile. They are designed to perform at web scale and provide high resiliency.

Terraform is an open source tool created by HashiCorp to define infrastructure as cod using a simple, declarative language called HCL. Terraform is used to deploy and manage infrastructure across a variety of cloud providers & virtualization platforms. It can be used to deploy infrastructure to all major cloud providers such as Azure, AWS, Digital ocean, and virtualization platforms such as VMware, Open stack, and others.

A Repository is used to manage aggregate persistence and retrieval. The repository mediates between the data-access layer and the domain.The unit of work pattern keeps track of all changes to aggregates. Once all updates of the aggregates in a scope are completed, the tracked changes are played onto the database in a transaction

Many moons ago I was working on an online eCommerce platform. The platform used to undergo massive traffic spikes periodically. I was trying to implement a distributed counter. I was using a distributed counter because I wanted to be able to increment the counter on multiple servers. CAP Theorem The CAP theorem was proposed by Eric Brewer. CRDT CRDT stands for conflict-free replicated datatype. Conflict-free replicated datatype describe data-types that can be replicated across multiple computation units or nodes, they can be updated concurrently without any coordination, and then merged to get a consistent state....

Sidecar pattern is a single-node pattern made up of two containers. It involves co-locating another container in a node/pod along with the main application container. The application container contains the core logic for the application. The role of the sidecar is to augment and improve the application container, often without the application container’s knowledge. In its simplest form, a sidecar container can be used to add functionality to a container that might otherwise be difficult to add....

Transactional Outbox is a pattern to reliably publish messages without the use of distributed transactions. It uses an Outbox and a message dispatcher to reliably persist state and publish messages.

Event driven architecture (EDA) is an architectural paradigm where behavior is composed by reacting to events. In this paradigm events imply a significant change in state.

An API Gateway provides a single and unified API entry point across one or more internal APIs. It mediates, routes, and invokes a respective endpoint after request verification, content filtering, authentication, and authorization.

Circuit breakers help to avoid one failing component tearing down other dependent services in a domino effect. The key idea is for a service to fail fast if a dependent resource is not available, as opposed to waiting for a timeout/error for each service invocation during the period in which the dependent resource is down.